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地(di)坪的種(zhong)類有哪些(xie)?

 地坪的種類有哪(na)些(xie)？各有哪(na)些(xie)基本特點(dian)？主要適用(yong)范圍是什么(me)？

地坪(ping)種類繁多，可根(gen)據(ju)不同標準(zhun)進行分類。

地坪按功能(neng)可分為耐磨、防(fang)(fang)腐(fu)、防(fang)(fang)靜(jing)電、防(fang)(fang)爆（不發(fa)火）等門類，應首先根(gen)據(ju)需要的主要使用功能(neng)進行選擇。

地(di)(di)(di)坪按材料可分為兩(liang)大(da)類(lei)，即無機(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)坪和有機(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)坪。無機(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)坪的主要品(pin)種有水泥基耐磨(mo)地(di)(di)(di)坪、水泥自流平地(di)(di)(di)坪、液(ye)體固化劑地(di)(di)(di)坪等(deng)。有機(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)坪主要品(pin)種有環氧地(di)(di)(di)坪、聚氨酯地(di)(di)(di)坪、丙烯酸(suan)地(di)(di)(di)坪等(deng)。

無(wu)機地坪(ping)的(de)(de)共同優(you)點是不老化，使(shi)用壽命長，防火(huo)性(xing)(xing)能好，屬A級不燃性(xing)(xing)部品（產品），在(zai)防火(huo)要(yao)求高的(de)(de)場(chang)合應(ying)選用無(wu)機地坪(ping)。無(wu)機地坪(ping)基(ji)(ji)本(ben)均以水(shui)泥為基(ji)(ji)材，對侵蝕性(xing)(xing)介(jie)質特別是酸的(de)(de)抵抗(kang)性(xing)(xing)差，裝飾效果(guo)也有限。另外由(you)于(yu)無(wu)機材料的(de)(de)天(tian)然脆性(xing)(xing)，基(ji)(ji)層變形引發(fa)的(de)(de)開裂在(zai)所難免。

有機(ji)地(di)坪(ping)(ping)(ping)的(de)共同(tong)優點是耐化(hua)學(xue)侵蝕性(xing)好(hao)，色彩鮮(xian)艷亮麗，在(zai)有侵蝕性(xing)介質和(he)裝飾性(xing)要求(qiu)(qiu)較高(gao)的(de)場(chang)合適用。有機(ji)地(di)坪(ping)(ping)(ping)在(zai)通常(chang)情況(kuang)下屬A1級難(nan)燃部品(pin)，在(zai)大多數工業(ye)建筑中(zhong)可以滿(man)足(zu)防火要求(qiu)(qiu)。有機(ji)地(di)坪(ping)(ping)(ping)的(de)耐久(jiu)性(xing)要低于無機(ji)地(di)坪(ping)(ping)(ping)，多數有機(ji)地(di)坪(ping)(ping)(ping)不耐紫外(wai)(wai)線，在(zai)陽光(guang)照(zhao)射下會褪色或(huo)黃變，不能或(huo)不宜用于室外(wai)(wai)。另外(wai)(wai)，有機(ji)地(di)坪(ping)(ping)(ping)施工時，可能因存在(zai)揮(hui)發性(xing)溶劑(ji)(ji)或(huo)樹脂(zhi)、固化(hua)劑(ji)(ji)有氣味，在(zai)某些特殊場(chang)合受到限制。

在(zai)無機(ji)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)坪(ping)中(zhong)，耐(nai)磨(mo)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)坪(ping)是(shi)隨基(ji)礎混(hun)凝(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)澆注而施工的(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)坪(ping)，能承受重型(xing)荷載，經(jing)濟實(shi)用(yong)，是(shi)目前應(ying)(ying)用(yong)最(zui)多的(de)無機(ji)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)坪(ping)品種。但(dan)耐(nai)磨(mo)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)坪(ping)只能在(zai)新澆注地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)上使用(yong)，且混(hun)凝(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)的(de)最(zui)小厚度(du)(du)不(bu)得小于(yu)5公分(fen)，在(zai)老建(jian)筑改(gai)造和地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)標高受限時難(nan)以應(ying)(ying)用(yong)。固化(hua)(hua)劑地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)坪(ping)可(ke)以彌補這一(yi)(yi)缺(que)陷，它是(shi)基(ji)于(yu)滲(shen)透型(xing)化(hua)(hua)學反應(ying)(ying)增強的(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)坪(ping)材(cai)料，可(ke)大(da)(da)幅提高原(yuan)有(you)或已成型(xing)的(de)混(hun)凝(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)耐(nai)磨(mo)性和密實(shi)度(du)(du)，為原(yuan)有(you)混(hun)凝(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)改(gai)造提供(gong)了一(yi)(yi)條可(ke)供(gong)選擇(ze)的(de)途徑。雖(sui)然(ran)(ran)耐(nai)磨(mo)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)坪(ping)的(de)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)平整度(du)(du)得到很(hen)大(da)(da)改(gai)善，且具有(you)一(yi)(yi)定(ding)的(de)色彩，但(dan)其(qi)裝飾效(xiao)果(guo)(guo)仍然(ran)(ran)有(you)限，玻化(hua)(hua)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)坪(ping)為此應(ying)(ying)運(yun)而生(sheng)。玻化(hua)(hua)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)坪(ping)可(ke)以在(zai)普通混(hun)凝(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)上，最(zui)好(hao)在(zai)耐(nai)磨(mo)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)坪(ping)基(ji)礎上，通過表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)化(hua)(hua)學增強和機(ji)械(xie)研(yan)磨(mo)，使地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)坪(ping)光澤(ze)度(du)(du)大(da)(da)幅提高，顯著提高其(qi)裝飾效(xiao)果(guo)(guo)，號稱“整體石材(cai)”。水泥基(ji)自(zi)流平地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)坪(ping)的(de)承載能力(li)雖(sui)然(ran)(ran)不(bu)如其(qi)它無機(ji)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)坪(ping)，但(dan)其(qi)平整度(du)(du)優良(liang)，在(zai)要求平整的(de)場合，如PVC等塑(su)膠地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)坪(ping)的(de)墊層(ceng)非(fei)常適用(yong)，也可(ke)直接作(zuo)為輕型(xing)車行交通地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)坪(ping)使用(yong)。

在有機(ji)地(di)坪(ping)(ping)(ping)中，環(huan)(huan)氧地(di)坪(ping)(ping)(ping)目(mu)前應用(yong)(yong)最廣泛。但在低(di)溫環(huan)(huan)境(jing)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)的(de)地(di)坪(ping)(ping)(ping)如冷庫，在需(xu)要(yao)防有機(ji)酸的(de)場(chang)合如食品車間，在需(xu)要(yao)地(di)坪(ping)(ping)(ping)有一(yi)定柔(rou)紉性的(de)時候，應該選用(yong)(yong)聚氨(an)脂(zhi)地(di)坪(ping)(ping)(ping)。丙(bing)烯(xi)酸地(di)坪(ping)(ping)(ping)耐紫外線的(de)能(neng)力好，適(shi)宜在室外地(di)坪(ping)(ping)(ping)如運動場(chang)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)。

有(you)機(ji)樹脂類地(di)(di)坪(ping)按(an)制作(zuo)方式可分為薄涂型(xing)、砂(sha)(sha)漿(jiang)型(xing)和(he)(he)(he)自(zi)(zi)流平(ping)型(xing)，砂(sha)(sha)漿(jiang)型(xing)和(he)(he)(he)自(zi)(zi)流平(ping)型(xing)又有(you)不(bu)同厚度(du)(du)，砂(sha)(sha)漿(jiang)型(xing)地(di)(di)坪(ping)并有(you)平(ping)光型(xing)和(he)(he)(he)紋理型(xing)之分，有(you)高光和(he)(he)(he)亞光之分。薄涂型(xing)相對(dui)(dui)便宜，但表面平(ping)整度(du)(du)基本順延基礎地(di)(di)面，不(bu)會(hui)有(you)大(da)改觀(guan)。砂(sha)(sha)漿(jiang)型(xing)根據(ju)厚度(du)(du)對(dui)(dui)平(ping)整度(du)(du)有(you)不(bu)同程度(du)(du)改善(shan)。自(zi)(zi)流平(ping)地(di)(di)坪(ping)的表觀(guan)效果好，具有(you)鏡面裝飾效果，也易于(yu)清潔，適用(yong)醫藥、電子等潔凈度(du)(du)要求高的場(chang)合，但其耐劃(hua)傷性較差，不(bu)宜用(yong)于(yu)重磨(mo)擦環境(jing)。同類樹脂的有(you)機(ji)地(di)(di)坪(ping)中耐劃(hua)傷性依(yi)次為紋理型(xing)砂(sha)(sha)漿(jiang)地(di)(di)坪(ping)、平(ping)光型(xing)砂(sha)(sha)漿(jiang)地(di)(di)坪(ping)和(he)(he)(he)自(zi)(zi)流平(ping)地(di)(di)坪(ping)